keepalived+nginx+apache主备及双活搭建测试

keepalived+nginx高可用有主备和双活两种方式。主备方式下对外提供一个vip，同时只有一台服务器工作，另一台作备机；双活方式下对外提供两个vip，两台机器互为备份，下面详细说明搭建测试步骤：

配置：

主机  ip  操作系统    软件  vipnginx01 192.168.2.185   Centos7 nginx 端口82 keepalived  192.168.2.189nginx02 192.168.2.186   Centos7 nginx 端口82keepalived  192.168.2.189web01   192.168.2.187   Centos7 apache 端口80 /web02   192.168.2.188   Centos7 apache 端口80 /1.nginx01安装nginx[root@nginx01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-releaseCentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)[root@nginx01 ~]# yum -y install gcc-c++[root@nginx01 ~]#  yum  -y install  pcre pcre-devel[root@nginx01 ~]# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel[root@nginx01 ~]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel下载https://nginx.org/en/download.html

https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz[root@nginx01 ~]# mkdir software[root@nginx01 ~]# cd software/[root@nginx01 software]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz[root@nginx01 software]# ls -ltrtotal 960-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 981687 Oct 17 21:20 nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz[root@nginx01 software]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz[root@nginx01 software]# chown -R root.root nginx-1.12.2[root@nginx01 software]# groupadd nginx[root@nginx01 software]# useradd -g nginx -d /home/nginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx[root@nginx01 software]# id nginxuid=1000(nginx) gid=1000(nginx) groups=1000(nginx)[root@nginx01 software]# grep nginx /etc/passwdnginx:x:1000:1000::/home/nginx:/sbin/nologin[root@nginx01 software]#[root@nginx01 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module | tee -a configure_nginx_20180417.log.....................Configuration summary  + using system PCRE library  + using system OpenSSL library  + using system zlib library  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"[root@nginx01 nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install | tee -a make_make_install_nginx_20180417.log...........................objs/ngx_modules.o \-ldl -lpthread -lcrypt -lpcre -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -lz \-Wl,-Esed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/usr/local/nginx|" \        -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \        -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \        -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log|" \        < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/software/nginx-1.12.2'make -f objs/Makefile installmake[1]: Entering directory `/root/software/nginx-1.12.2'test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' \        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin'test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \        || mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \                '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/conf' \        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/koi-win '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/koi-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/win-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types' \        || cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \        || cp conf/fastcgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/fastcgi_params \        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \        || cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \        || cp conf/uwsgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/uwsgi_params \        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \        || cp conf/scgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'cp conf/scgi_params \        '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \        || cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \        || cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \        || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/software/nginx-1.12.2'[root@nginx01 nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/[root@nginx01 sbin]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -vnginx version: nginx/1.12.2[root@nginx01 sbin]#

查看加载模块

[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -Vnginx version: nginx/1.12.2built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC)built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017TLS SNI support enabledconfigure arguments: --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_gzip_static_module[root@nginx01 sbin]#

Nginx相关启动任务

[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginxroot      5241     1  0 00:35 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginxnginx     5242  5241  0 00:35 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot      5244  2517  1 00:35 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s stop[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginxroot      5247  2517  0 00:35 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s quitnginx: [error] open() "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s quit[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginxroot      5254  2517  0 00:36 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -s reload[root@nginx01 sbin]#[root@nginx01 sbin]# ps -ef | grep  nginxroot      5257     1  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginxnginx     5260  5257  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot      5262  2517  0 00:36 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 sbin]# nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful[root@nginx01 sbin]#nginx -s quit:此方式停止步骤是待nginx进程处理任务完毕进行停止。nginx -s stop:此方式相当于先查出nginx进程id再使用kill命令强制杀掉进程。nginx -s reload:动态加载，当配置文件nginx.conf有变化时执行该命令动态加载。

Nginx开机自启动

[root@nginx01 sbin]# cd /etc/rc.d[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ls -ltrtotal 4-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 473 Nov  7  2016 rc.localdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  70 Mar 12 18:54 init.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc6.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc5.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc4.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc3.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc2.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc1.ddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  45 Mar 12 18:54 rc0.d[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cat rc.local#!/bin/bash# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES## It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.## In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot# this script will NOT be run after all other services.## Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure# that this script will be executed during boot.touch /var/lock/subsys/local[root@nginx01 rc.d]# echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" > rc.local[root@nginx01 rc.d]# chmod u+x rc.local[root@nginx01 rc.d]# view rc.local[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cat rc.local/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ls -ltr rc.local-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 28 Apr 18 00:39 rc.local[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginxroot      5257     1  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginxnginx     5260  5257  0 00:36 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot      5271  2517  0 00:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -s quit[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginxroot      5274  2517  0 00:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ./rc.local[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginxroot      5277     1  0 00:39 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx     5278  5277  0 00:39 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot      5280  2517  0 00:39 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]#

至此nginx安装成功,nginx02也按nginx01的上面的操作执行一遍

2.配置nginx

[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.2018[root@nginx01 rc.d]# grep -v '#' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confworker_processes  1;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    sendfile        on;    keepalive_timeout  65;    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        location / {            root   html;            index  index.html index.htm;        }        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }    }}[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.2018[root@nginx01 rc.d]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf[root@nginx01 rc.d]# diff /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.201834,37d33<     upstream webser{<              server 192.168.2.187:80;<            server 192.168.2.188:80;<             }48,50c44,45<             proxy_pass http://webser;<             #root   html;<             #index  index.html index.htm;--->             root   html;>             index  index.html index.htm;[root@nginx01 rc.d]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf#user  nobody;worker_processes  1;#error_log  logs/error.log;#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;#error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;    sendfile        on;    #tcp_nopush     on;    #keepalive_timeout  0;    keepalive_timeout  65;    #gzip  on;    upstream webser{             server 192.168.2.187:80;             server 192.168.2.188:80;            }    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        #charset koi8-r;        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;        location / {            proxy_pass http://webser;            #root   html;            #index  index.html index.htm;        }        #error_page  404              /404.html;        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html        #        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80        #        #location ~ \.php$ {        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;        #}        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000        #        #location ~ \.php$ {        #    root           html;        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;        #    include        fastcgi_params;        #}        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root        # concurs with nginx's one        #        #location ~ /\.ht {        #    deny  all;        #}    }    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration    #    #server {    #    listen       8000;    #    listen       somename:8080;    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;    #    location / {    #        root   html;    #        index  index.html index.htm;    #    }    #}    # HTTPS server    #    #server {    #    listen       443 ssl;    #    server_name  localhost;    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;    #    location / {    #        root   html;    #        index  index.html index.htm;    #    }    #}}[root@nginx01 rc.d]#[root@nginx01 rc.d]# grep -v '#'  /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confworker_processes  1;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    sendfile        on;    keepalive_timeout  65;    upstream webser{             server 192.168.2.187:80;             server 192.168.2.188:80;            }    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        location / {            proxy_pass http://webser;        }        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }    }}重启nginx生效[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -s reload[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -s quit[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginxroot      5299  2517  0 00:52 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful[root@nginx01 rc.d]# nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep nginxroot      5302     1  0 00:52 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginxnginx     5303  5302  0 00:52 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot      5305  2517  0 00:52 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx01 rc.d]#nginx01  nginx配置完成nginx02 也按照上面一样的配置[root@nginx02 rc.d]# cp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bk.20180417[root@nginx01 rc.d]# scp -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 192.168.2.186:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confThe authenticity of host '192.168.2.186 (192.168.2.186)' can't be established.ECDSA key fingerprint is eb:04:83:e8:3d:6e:e6:95:f0:c6:9c:6c:ba:78:34:66.Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yesWarning: Permanently added '192.168.2.186' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.root@192.168.2.186's password:nginx.conf                                    100% 2800     2.7KB/s   00:00[root@nginx01 rc.d]#[root@nginx02 rc.d]# grep -v '#' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confworker_processes  1;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    sendfile        on;    keepalive_timeout  65;    upstream webser{             server 192.168.2.187:80;             server 192.168.2.188:80;            }    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        location / {            proxy_pass http://webser;        }        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }    }}[root@nginx02 rc.d]# nginx -tnginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is oknginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful[root@nginx02 rc.d]# nginx[root@nginx02 rc.d]# ps -ef | grep  nginxroot      5306     1  0 00:57 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginxnginx     5307  5306  0 00:57 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker processroot      5309  2524  0 00:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@nginx02 rc.d]#

至此2台nginx配置成功

3.keepalived 的安装

[root@nginx01 softare]# pwd/root/softare[root@nginx01 software]# yum -y install keepalived | tee -a install_keepalived_20180417.log[root@nginx02 softare]# yum -y install keepalived | tee -a install_keepalived_20180417.logKeepalived 配置查看keepalived 安装了那些文件[root@nginx01 softare]# rpm -qa keepalivedkeepalived-1.3.5-1.el7.x86_64[root@nginx02 softare]# rpm -ql keepalived/etc/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf/etc/sysconfig/keepalived/usr/bin/genhash/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service/usr/libexec/keepalived/usr/sbin/keepalived/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/AUTHOR/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/CONTRIBUTORS/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/COPYING/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/ChangeLog/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/NOTE_vrrp_vmac.txt/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/README/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/TODO/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived.conf.SYNOPSIS/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.HTTP_GET.port/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.IPv6/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.SMTP_CHECK/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.SSL_GET/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.fwmark/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.inhibit/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.misc_check_arg/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.quorum/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.sample/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.status_code/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.track_interface/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.virtual_server_group/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.virtualhost/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.localcheck/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.lvs_syncd/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.routes/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.rules/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.scripts/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.static_ipaddress/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/keepalived.conf.vrrp.sync/usr/share/doc/keepalived-1.3.5/samples/sample.misccheck.smbcheck.sh/usr/share/man/man1/genhash.1.gz/usr/share/man/man5/keepalived.conf.5.gz/usr/share/man/man8/keepalived.8.gz/usr/share/snmp/mibs/KEEPALIVED-MIB.txt/usr/share/snmp/mibs/VRRP-MIB.txt/usr/share/snmp/mibs/VRRPv3-MIB.txt[root@nginx02 softare]#[root@nginx01 software]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf                      ! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {   notification_email {     acassen@firewall.loc     failover@firewall.loc     sysadmin@firewall.loc   }   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1   #smtp_connect_timeout 30   router_id LVS_DEVEL1   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr   vrrp_strict   vrrp_garp_interval 0   vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_script chk_nginx {  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"  interval 2  weight 20  fall 1  rise 10}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state MASTER    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 51    priority 100    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.189    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}[root@nginx01 software]#[root@nginx01 software]# vi /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh[root@nginx01 software]# chmod u+x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh[root@nginx01 software]# cat /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh#!/bin/bashA=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`if [ $A -eq 0 ];then      /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx      if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then      pkill keep      fifi[root@nginx01 software]#[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl start keepalived[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl enable  keepalivedCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.[root@nginx01 ~]#

nginx01上的keepalived 配置完成

配置nginx02上的keepalived[root@nginx02 softare]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {   notification_email {     acassen@firewall.loc     failover@firewall.loc     sysadmin@firewall.loc   }   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1   #smtp_connect_timeout 30   router_id LVS_DEVEL2   vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr   vrrp_strict   vrrp_garp_interval 0   vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_script chk_nginx {  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"  interval 2  weight 20  fall 2  rise 1}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state BACKUP    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 51    priority 90    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.189    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}

该脚本用户检测nginx进程是否存在，若不存在则重启，若重启失败则直接杀掉keepalived进程，触发切换。（若没有pkill命令请先安装）

[root@nginx02 softare]# vi "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"[root@nginx02 softare]# cat "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"#!/bin/bashA=`ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l`if [ $A -eq 0 ];then      /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx      if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then      pkill keep      fifi[root@nginx02 ~]# chmod u+x "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"[root@nginx02 softare]#[root@nginx02 ~]#  systemctl start keepalived[root@nginx02 ~]# systemctl enable  keepalivedCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.

Nginx02上的keepalived配置完成

Apache安装在web01和web02上分别安装apache[root@web01 software]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel | tee -a yum_install_apache_20180417.logLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64---> Package httpd-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl >= 5.004 for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: apr-util-devel for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: apr-devel for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/perl for package: httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1 will be installed---> Package apr-devel.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1 will be installed---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed---> Package apr-util-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: openldap-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libdb-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: expat-devel(x86-64) for package: apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be installed---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs = 4:5.16.3-292.el7 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) >= 1.3 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) >= 1.10 for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl-macros for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(threads::shared) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(threads) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(constant) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::Local) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Storable) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Socket) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Scalar::Util) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::XHTML) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple::Search) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Filter::Util::Call) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Unix) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec::Functions) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Spec) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Exporter) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Cwd) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(Carp) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package expat-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: expat = 2.1.0-10.el7_3 for package: expat-devel-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64---> Package libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: libdb(x86-64) = 5.3.21-21.el7_4 for package: libdb-devel-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64---> Package openldap-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: openldap(x86-64) = 2.4.44-5.el7 for package: openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: cyrus-sasl-devel(x86-64) for package: openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64---> Package perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-2.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Usage) >= 1.14 for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(Text::ParseWords) for package: perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch---> Package perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(Encode) for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch---> Package perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: cyrus-sasl-lib(x86-64) = 2.1.26-21.el7 for package: cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: cyrus-sasl(x86-64) = 2.1.26-21.el7 for package: cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64---> Package expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-8.el7 will be updated---> Package expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3 will be an update---> Package libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-19.el7 will be updated--> Processing Dependency: libdb(x86-64) = 5.3.21-19.el7 for package: libdb-utils-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64---> Package libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4 will be an update---> Package openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.40-13.el7 will be updated---> Package openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7 will be an update---> Package perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-292.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Text) >= 3.15 for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl-Pod-Perldoc for package: perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch---> Package perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package cyrus-sasl.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7 will be installed---> Package cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-20.el7_2 will be updated---> Package cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7 will be an update---> Package libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-19.el7 will be updated---> Package libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4 will be an update---> Package perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: perl(parent) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch--> Processing Dependency: perl(HTTP::Tiny) for package: perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch---> Package perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7 will be installed---> Package perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================ Package                   Arch      Version                   Repository  Size================================================================================Installing: httpd                     x86_64    2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6     updates    2.7 M httpd-devel               x86_64    2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6     updates    194 kInstalling for dependencies: apr                       x86_64    1.4.8-3.el7_4.1           updates    103 k apr-devel                 x86_64    1.4.8-3.el7_4.1           updates    188 k apr-util                  x86_64    1.5.2-6.el7               base        92 k apr-util-devel            x86_64    1.5.2-6.el7               base        76 k cyrus-sasl                x86_64    2.1.26-21.el7             base        88 k cyrus-sasl-devel          x86_64    2.1.26-21.el7             base       310 k expat-devel               x86_64    2.1.0-10.el7_3            base        57 k httpd-tools               x86_64    2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6     updates     88 k libdb-devel               x86_64    5.3.21-21.el7_4           updates     38 k mailcap                   noarch    2.1.41-2.el7              base        31 k openldap-devel            x86_64    2.4.44-5.el7              base       801 k perl                      x86_64    4:5.16.3-292.el7          base       8.0 M perl-Carp                 noarch    1.26-244.el7              base        19 k perl-Encode               x86_64    2.51-7.el7                base       1.5 M perl-Exporter             noarch    5.68-3.el7                base        28 k perl-File-Path            noarch    2.09-2.el7                base        26 k perl-File-Temp            noarch    0.23.01-3.el7             base        56 k perl-Filter               x86_64    1.49-3.el7                base        76 k perl-Getopt-Long          noarch    2.40-2.el7                base        56 k perl-HTTP-Tiny            noarch    0.033-3.el7               base        38 k perl-PathTools            x86_64    3.40-5.el7                base        82 k perl-Pod-Escapes          noarch    1:1.04-292.el7            base        51 k perl-Pod-Perldoc          noarch    3.20-4.el7                base        87 k perl-Pod-Simple           noarch    1:3.28-4.el7              base       216 k perl-Pod-Usage            noarch    1.63-3.el7                base        27 k perl-Scalar-List-Utils    x86_64    1.27-248.el7              base        36 k perl-Socket               x86_64    2.010-4.el7               base        49 k perl-Storable             x86_64    2.45-3.el7                base        77 k perl-Text-ParseWords      noarch    3.29-4.el7                base        14 k perl-Time-HiRes           x86_64    4:1.9725-3.el7            base        45 k perl-Time-Local           noarch    1.2300-2.el7              base        24 k perl-constant             noarch    1.27-2.el7                base        19 k perl-libs                 x86_64    4:5.16.3-292.el7          base       688 k perl-macros               x86_64    4:5.16.3-292.el7          base        43 k perl-parent               noarch    1:0.225-244.el7           base        12 k perl-podlators            noarch    2.5.1-3.el7               base       112 k perl-threads              x86_64    1.87-4.el7                base        49 k perl-threads-shared       x86_64    1.43-6.el7                base        39 kUpdating for dependencies: cyrus-sasl-lib            x86_64    2.1.26-21.el7             base       155 k expat                     x86_64    2.1.0-10.el7_3            base        81 k libdb                     x86_64    5.3.21-21.el7_4           updates    719 k libdb-utils               x86_64    5.3.21-21.el7_4           updates    132 k openldap                  x86_64    2.4.44-5.el7              base       354 kTransaction Summary================================================================================Install  2 Packages (+38 Dependent packages)Upgrade             (  5 Dependent packages)Total download size: 17 MDownloading packages:Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total                                              667 kB/s |  17 MB  00:26Running transaction checkRunning transaction testTransaction test succeededRunning transaction  Updating   : libdb-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                                1/50  Updating   : expat-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                                 2/50  Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                                  3/50  Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                 4/50  Updating   : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                         5/50  Updating   : openldap-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                                6/50  Installing : apr-devel-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                            7/50  Installing : cyrus-sasl-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                             8/50  Installing : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                       9/50  Installing : openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                         10/50  Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   11/50  Installing : expat-devel-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                          12/50  Installing : libdb-devel-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         13/50  Installing : apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                          14/50  Installing : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch                         15/50  Installing : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch                          16/50  Installing : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch                          17/50  Installing : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch                         18/50  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-292.el7.noarch                     19/50  Installing : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch                     20/50  Installing : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64                              21/50  Installing : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch                           22/50  Installing : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                        23/50  Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                          24/50  Installing : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64                            25/50  Installing : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch                            26/50  Installing : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch                            27/50  Installing : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch                        28/50  Installing : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64                             29/50  Installing : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch                              30/50  Installing : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64                      31/50  Installing : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64                           32/50  Installing : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64                 33/50  Installing : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch                        34/50  Installing : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch                           35/50  Installing : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64                      36/50  Installing : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64                             37/50  Installing : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64                              38/50  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch                        39/50  Installing : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch                         40/50  Installing : 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                               41/50  Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                42/50  Installing : httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                         43/50  Installing : httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   44/50  Updating   : libdb-utils-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         45/50  Cleanup    : libdb-utils-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                           46/50  Cleanup    : openldap-2.4.40-13.el7.x86_64                              47/50  Cleanup    : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-20.el7_2.x86_64                      48/50  Cleanup    : libdb-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                                 49/50  Cleanup    : expat-2.1.0-8.el7.x86_64                                   50/50  Verifying  : perl-HTTP-Tiny-0.033-3.el7.noarch                           1/50  Verifying  : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                 2/50  Verifying  : perl-threads-shared-1.43-6.el7.x86_64                       3/50  Verifying  : perl-Storable-2.45-3.el7.x86_64                             4/50  Verifying  : apr-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                                  5/50  Verifying  : perl-Exporter-5.68-3.el7.noarch                             6/50  Verifying  : perl-constant-1.27-2.el7.noarch                             7/50  Verifying  : perl-PathTools-3.40-5.el7.x86_64                            8/50  Verifying  : 4:perl-macros-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                         9/50  Verifying  : perl-File-Temp-0.23.01-3.el7.noarch                        10/50  Verifying  : httpd-devel-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   11/50  Verifying  : expat-devel-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                          12/50  Verifying  : 1:perl-parent-0.225-244.el7.noarch                         13/50  Verifying  : 4:perl-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                               14/50  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                        15/50  Verifying  : httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                   16/50  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-devel-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                      17/50  Verifying  : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.28-4.el7.noarch                        18/50  Verifying  : perl-Time-Local-1.2300-2.el7.noarch                        19/50  Verifying  : 4:perl-libs-5.16.3-292.el7.x86_64                          20/50  Verifying  : perl-Pod-Perldoc-3.20-4.el7.noarch                         21/50  Verifying  : perl-Socket-2.010-4.el7.x86_64                             22/50  Verifying  : perl-Carp-1.26-244.el7.noarch                              23/50  Verifying  : perl-podlators-2.5.1-3.el7.noarch                          24/50  Verifying  : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                                25/50  Verifying  : 4:perl-Time-HiRes-1.9725-3.el7.x86_64                      26/50  Verifying  : openldap-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                               27/50  Verifying  : perl-Scalar-List-Utils-1.27-248.el7.x86_64                 28/50  Verifying  : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-292.el7.noarch                     29/50  Verifying  : libdb-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                               30/50  Verifying  : perl-Pod-Usage-1.63-3.el7.noarch                           31/50  Verifying  : libdb-devel-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         32/50  Verifying  : perl-Encode-2.51-7.el7.x86_64                              33/50  Verifying  : libdb-utils-5.3.21-21.el7_4.x86_64                         34/50  Verifying  : perl-Getopt-Long-2.40-2.el7.noarch                         35/50  Verifying  : apr-devel-1.4.8-3.el7_4.1.x86_64                           36/50  Verifying  : perl-File-Path-2.09-2.el7.noarch                           37/50  Verifying  : apr-util-devel-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64                          38/50  Verifying  : httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64                         39/50  Verifying  : perl-threads-1.87-4.el7.x86_64                             40/50  Verifying  : expat-2.1.0-10.el7_3.x86_64                                41/50  Verifying  : perl-Filter-1.49-3.el7.x86_64                              42/50  Verifying  : perl-Text-ParseWords-3.29-4.el7.noarch                     43/50  Verifying  : openldap-devel-2.4.44-5.el7.x86_64                         44/50  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-2.1.26-21.el7.x86_64                            45/50  Verifying  : cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-20.el7_2.x86_64                      46/50  Verifying  : libdb-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                                 47/50  Verifying  : expat-2.1.0-8.el7.x86_64                                   48/50  Verifying  : libdb-utils-5.3.21-19.el7.x86_64                           49/50  Verifying  : openldap-2.4.40-13.el7.x86_64                              50/50Installed:  httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6  httpd-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6Dependency Installed:  apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1  apr-devel.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7_4.1  apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7  apr-util-devel.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7  cyrus-sasl.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7  cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7  expat-devel.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3  httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6  libdb-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4  mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7  openldap-devel.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7  perl.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7  perl-Carp.noarch 0:1.26-244.el7  perl-Encode.x86_64 0:2.51-7.el7  perl-Exporter.noarch 0:5.68-3.el7  perl-File-Path.noarch 0:2.09-2.el7  perl-File-Temp.noarch 0:0.23.01-3.el7  perl-Filter.x86_64 0:1.49-3.el7  perl-Getopt-Long.noarch 0:2.40-2.el7  perl-HTTP-Tiny.noarch 0:0.033-3.el7  perl-PathTools.x86_64 0:3.40-5.el7  perl-Pod-Escapes.noarch 1:1.04-292.el7  perl-Pod-Perldoc.noarch 0:3.20-4.el7  perl-Pod-Simple.noarch 1:3.28-4.el7  perl-Pod-Usage.noarch 0:1.63-3.el7  perl-Scalar-List-Utils.x86_64 0:1.27-248.el7  perl-Socket.x86_64 0:2.010-4.el7  perl-Storable.x86_64 0:2.45-3.el7  perl-Text-ParseWords.noarch 0:3.29-4.el7  perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9725-3.el7  perl-Time-Local.noarch 0:1.2300-2.el7  perl-constant.noarch 0:1.27-2.el7  perl-libs.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7  perl-macros.x86_64 4:5.16.3-292.el7  perl-parent.noarch 1:0.225-244.el7  perl-podlators.noarch 0:2.5.1-3.el7  perl-threads.x86_64 0:1.87-4.el7  perl-threads-shared.x86_64 0:1.43-6.el7Dependency Updated:  cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-21.el7   expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-10.el7_3  libdb.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4          libdb-utils.x86_64 0:5.3.21-21.el7_4  openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.44-5.el7Complete![root@web01 software]#[root@web02 software]# yum -y install httpd httpd-devel | tee -a yum_install_apache_20180417.log[root@web01 software]# systemctl start httpd[root@web01 software]# systemctl enable httpdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.[root@web01 software]# echo web01-192.168.2.187 > /var/www/html/index.html[root@web01 software]#[root@web02 software]# systemctl start httpd[root@web02 software]# systemctl enable httpdCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.[root@web02 software]#  echo web02-192.168.2.188 > /var/www/html/index.html[root@web02 software]#

关闭所有服务器的防火墙和selinux

[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.serviceRemoved symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.[root@nginx01 ~]# firewall-cmd --statenot running[root@nginx01 ~]# sestatusSELinux status:                 enabledSELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinuxSELinux root directory:         /etc/selinuxLoaded policy name:             targetedCurrent mode:                   enforcingMode from config file:          enforcingPolicy MLS status:              enabledPolicy deny_unknown status:     allowedMax kernel policy version:      28[root@nginx01 ~]# setenforce 0[root@nginx01 ~]# sestatusSELinux status:                 enabledSELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinuxSELinux root directory:         /etc/selinuxLoaded policy name:             targetedCurrent mode:                   permissiveMode from config file:          enforcingPolicy MLS status:              enabledPolicy deny_unknown status:     allowedMax kernel policy version:      28[root@nginx01 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config[root@nginx01 ~]# grep -v '#' /etc/selinux/configSELINUX=disabledSELINUXTYPE=targeted[root@nginx01 ~]#

重启所有服务

[root@nginx01 ~]# nginx -s reload[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived[root@nginx02 ~]# nginx -s reload[root@nginx02 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived[root@nginx02 ~]#[root@web01 software]# systemctl restart httpd[root@web01 software]#[root@web02 software]# systemctl restart httpd[root@web02 software]#

高可用测试

[root@nginx01 ~]# ip ad1: lo: 
    
      mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 ::1/128 scope host       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: ens33: 
     
       mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000    link/ether 00:0c:29:6f:aa:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::6ceb:c635:2a8e:56b1/64 scope link       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::acee:8487:9f9d:5909/64 scope link tentative dadfailed       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::1766:5ed5:664c:7324/64 scope link tentative dadfailed       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[root@nginx01 ~]#
     
    

无法通过访问192.168.2.189

修改keepalived 配置[root@nginx01 ~]# cat  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {   notification_email {     acassen@firewall.loc     failover@firewall.loc     sysadmin@firewall.loc   }   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1   #smtp_connect_timeout 30   router_id proxy1   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr   #vrrp_strict   #vrrp_garp_interval 0   #vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_script chk_nginx {  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"  interval 2  weight 20  fall 1  rise 10}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state MASTER    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 51    priority 100    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.189    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}[root@nginx01 ~]#[root@nginx02 ~]# cat  /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {   notification_email {     acassen@firewall.loc     failover@firewall.loc     sysadmin@firewall.loc   }   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1   #smtp_connect_timeout 30   router_id proxy2   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr   #vrrp_strict   #vrrp_garp_interval 0   #vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_script chk_nginx {  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"  interval 2  weight 20  fall 2  rise 1}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state BACKUP    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 51    priority 90    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.189    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}[root@nginx02 ~]#

重启上面2个keepalived.

继续测试

1.先确保web01和web02可以直接访问Web01：![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/23/0f18667d461dd918adcc7697d846b0c2.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)Web02：![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/23/9be3721d1c53559cc4a0e87455030c6d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)查看nginx01和nginx02 IP[root@nginx01 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33[root@nginx02 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33[root@nginx02 ~]#可见当前是nginx01提供keepalived 服务访问vritual IP 192.168.2.189可见keepalived 是基于nginx已IP轮询方式提供服务![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/8b3de4baae37910a8cbf503ce2926f71.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/1d103fb7da2c969a25bd58e2fd7763d4.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)停掉nginx01上的keepalived 相当于nginx01宕机[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived[root@nginx01 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33[root@nginx01 ~]#[root@nginx02 ~]# ip ad | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33此时nginx02上的keepalived从backup提升为master刷新访问virtual IP 192.168.2.189 ,keepalived 会以nginx 轮询方式接受访问web服务器。![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/83fe30f8b9cdc5d7cf5d9ada4981844d.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/90e00cd64619a9c3aefe19cff9c17111.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

测试通过。

双活架构模式:

配置

主机 ip 操作系统 软件 vip

nginx01 192.168.2.185   Centos7 nginx 端口82 keepalived  192.168.2.189nginx02 192.168.2.186   Centos7 nginx 端口82keepalived  192.168.2.190web01   192.168.2.187   Centos7 apache 端口80 /web02   192.168.2.188   Centos7 apache 端口80 /Nginx01配置:[root@nginx01 ~]# cp -p /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepal    ived/keepalived.conf.bk.20140418_master_backup_mode[root@nginx01 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {   notification_email {     acassen@firewall.loc     failover@firewall.loc     sysadmin@firewall.loc   }   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1   #smtp_connect_timeout 30   router_id proxy1   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr   #vrrp_strict   #vrrp_garp_interval 0   #vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_script chk_nginx {  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"  interval 2  weight 20  fall 1  rise 10}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state MASTER    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 51    priority 100    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.189    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}vrrp_instance VI_2 {    state BACKUP    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 52    priority 90    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.190    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived[root@nginx01 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33Nginx02的配置[root@nginx02 ~]#  cp -p /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bk.20140418_master_backup_mode[root@nginx02 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf! Configuration File for keepalivedglobal_defs {   notification_email {     acassen@firewall.loc     failover@firewall.loc     sysadmin@firewall.loc   }   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc   #smtp_server 192.168.200.1   #smtp_connect_timeout 30   router_id proxy2   #vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr   #vrrp_strict   #vrrp_garp_interval 0   #vrrp_gna_interval 0}vrrp_script chk_nginx {  script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"  interval 2  weight 20  fall 2  rise 1}vrrp_instance VI_1 {    state BACKUP    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 51    priority 90    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.189    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}vrrp_instance VI_2 {    state MASTER    interface ens33    virtual_router_id 52    priority 100    advert_int 1    authentication {        auth_type PASS        auth_pass 1111    }    virtual_ipaddress {        192.168.2.190    }    track_script {        chk_nginx    }}[root@nginx02 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33    inet 192.168.2.190/32 scope global ens33

页面访问测试

VIP 1 192.168.2.189![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/96fe794ef04c0967eaf59253ec704d77.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

可知其以轮询方式去访问

VIP192.168.2.190![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201804/18/bc389d5fef3a689a8f591ea54a6df723.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

高可用测试

Stop nginx上的 keepalived 模拟宕机[root@nginx01 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived[root@nginx01 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.185/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33[root@nginx01 ~]#[root@nginx02 ~]# ip a | grep  192.168    inet 192.168.2.186/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global ens33    inet 192.168.2.190/32 scope global ens33    inet 192.168.2.189/32 scope global ens33[root@nginx02 ~]#

页面访问:

VIP 1 192.168.2.189

VIP 1 192.168.2.190

发现vip1和vip2访问web服务正常

现vip1漂移至vip2，nginx02接管nginx01的vip1，此时nginx02单独对外提供服务。

总结：

1.主备模式对外只提供一个vip，访问便捷，但同时只有一台服务器对外提供服务；  2.双活模式对外提供两个vip，访问比较麻烦，但同时又两台服务器对外提供服务；  3.不管主备模式还是双活模式都能高可用运行。